Educational Transformation: Curriculum Reform, Digital Innovation, and Inclusive Education in a Changing Sociocultural Landscape
AUTHORS
Sophia Nikolaidis,Department of Educational Studies, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Konstantinos Georgiou,Department of Primary Education, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
Maria Papadopoulou,Department of Educational Sciences and Early Childhood Education, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
Alexandros Dimitriou,School of Humanities, Hellenic Open University, Patras, Greece
ABSTRACT
The Greek educational system has experienced significant transformation in response to globalization, technological advancement, and evolving societal needs. This study examines the contemporary educational landscape of Greece by analyzing its institutional structures, curriculum reforms, digital transformation initiatives, inclusive education policies, and teacher professional development within the broader framework of international educational theories and practices. Employing a qualitative-descriptive and comparative research design, the study utilizes secondary data from academic literature, policy documents, government reports, and international educational databases to explore the multidimensional nature of educational change in Greece. The findings reveal that Greece is progressively transitioning from traditional teacher-centered approaches toward more student-centered and competency-based educational models that emphasize critical thinking, collaboration, creativity, and lifelong learning. Digital transformation has expanded access to educational resources and learning opportunities through online platforms and technology-enhanced instruction. However, disparities in technological infrastructure and digital literacy remain evident, particularly between urban and geographically isolated regions. Inclusive education has also emerged as a major policy priority, with schools increasingly adopting differentiated instruction and support services for diverse student populations. Nevertheless, challenges related to regional inequalities, resource allocation, and institutional capacity continue to affect educational equity. The study further highlights the critical role of teacher education and professional development in sustaining educational reforms and promoting innovation. Overall, the findings demonstrate that the interaction of global educational trends and local sociocultural realities shapes educational transformation in Greece. The study contributes to the growing literature on international and comparative education by providing a comprehensive analysis of how educational systems adapt to changing social, technological, and policy environments while striving to achieve quality, equity, and inclusion.
KEYWORDS
Greek education, Educational reform, Digital transformation, Inclusive education, Curriculum innovation, Comparative education
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