Effect of the Practices of Charcoal Producers on the Sustainability of Shea Tree in the North-central Nigeria
AUTHORS
Garba I.D.,Agricultural Economics Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil-palm Research (NIFOR) P.M.B 1030, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
Muhammad-Lawal A.,Department of Agricultural Economics and Farm Management, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Shea tree produce the best quality charcoal, the tree is exploited in its natural habitat and listed as threatened species on the International Union for Conservation of Nature red list. The trading of charcoal has become a very lucrative venture in the North-central, Nigeria. The marketing activities, the practices of the charcoal producers toward the sustainability of shea tree and the level of sustainability of shea tree among charcoal producers prompted this study. A three-stage sampling technique was used to select 100 respondents drawn from five Local Government Areas across two states of North-central Nigeria. The total of 79 responses were found useful for the study. Descriptive statistics, budgeting techniques and multinomial logistic regression were used for data analysis. From the major findings, an average of 78.81kg of charcoal was produced using 180.26kg of inputs, while an average of net return of N1,470.75 was realized per processing cycle. Conversely, 309.38kg of charcoal was produced from an average shea tree of 2,457kg and the net profit realized was N5,773.03 per tree per season. Besides, a mean score of 2.4, indicating low index, suggests that majority of the charcoal producers have attitudes that were unfavorable for the sustainability of shea tree. While age, household size, extension contacts, fuelwood quantity, gender, labour, household size, educational level and charcoal quantity were the significant factors affecting the level of sustainability of shea tree (p<0.05). Charcoal production is profitable but the practices and attitudes of the charcoal producers were not sustainable, thereby portending great risk for shea tree sustainability. There should be campaign on the regulatory harvest of shea tree. And Actors should be encouraged to inculcate the right practices towards the sustainability of shea tree..
KEYWORDS
Shea tree, North-central, Multinomial logistic regression, Profitable, sustainability
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