Impulsivity and Student Well-Being: Implications for Suicide Prevention in Higher Education
AUTHORS
Neema J. Mwakalinga,Department of Psychology, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Daniel K. Mshana,A School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
ABSTRACT
Suicide is a leading cause of death among young adults worldwide, and university students face heightened risks due to the unique academic, social, and psychological demands of higher education. Impulsivity, characterized by acting without adequate forethought, has been identified as a critical factor associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors. This study investigates the relationship between impulsivity and suicidal risk among university students, with the broader aim of informing suicide prevention strategies within higher education. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using standardized psychometric instruments to assess impulsivity and suicidal ideation, alongside socio-demographic variables. Findings revealed a significant positive correlation between impulsivity and suicidal risk, with students reporting higher impulsivity scores more likely to experience suicidal tendencies. Further, gender and socioeconomic background emerged as influential factors, with male students and those from economically disadvantaged groups exhibiting increased vulnerability. These outcomes emphasize the necessity of incorporating targeted mental health interventions into university systems, including early screening for impulsive traits, integration of mental health awareness programs, and expanded access to counseling and support services. By framing impulsivity as a modifiable risk factor, this study highlights the importance of early prevention and intervention in enhancing student well-being. The results contribute to the growing body of global evidence linking psychological traits to suicide risk and highlight the need for evidence-based, context-sensitive approaches within higher education institutions to safeguard student mental health.
KEYWORDS
Impulsivity, Student well-being, Suicidal risk, Higher education, Mental health
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